Lesson 3 Space. Questions. Lesson 5
 Lesson 4 Translated from Russian by Svetlana Kyyashko

        The Japanese language, unlike Russian or English, always counts location of the object spoken of.
Remember that accent is marked by capital letters (see previous lessons).

When one speaks
Japanese, he should always realize what object is being spoken of (to be more precise – where and by whom it is located).		 "koRE" (this) "THIS" (something / someone) is situated by the speaker.
"soRE" (that) “THAT” (something/someone) is situated by the interlocutor.
"aRE" (over there,
yonder) 		the object of the conversation is standing off both the speaker and the interlocutor.
"DOre" (which) “WHICH..?” (of the available)


kore wa nan des ka.
sore wa anata no hon des.
sore wa nan des ka.
kore wa watashi no hon des.
are wa anata no kuruma des ka.
iie. are wa watashi no isha no kuruma des.


What is this?
This is your book.
And what is this?
This is my book.
Is this your car (over there)?
No. This is my doctor’s car.

KA particle
when at the end
of a sentence
makes a question.
KA particle
as a sign of
a question
is
pronounced
with an
intonation
rise.

 

 

kore, sore,
are, dore pronouns
can be easily transformed into
koNO (this),
soNO (that),
aNO (yonder, that ... over there) ,
DOno (what).

Kono kasa wa anata no (kasa) des ka.
Hai, sono kasa wa watashi no des.
Ano aoi kasa wa dare no des ka.
Ano kasa wa Iwanofu san no des.
Iwanofu san no kasa wa aoi des ka.
Iie. Siroi des.
ano kasa wa Nikitin san no des.


Is this umbrella yours?
Yes, this umbrella is mine.
And whose is that blue umbrella?
That umbrella is Mr. Ivanov’s.
Does Mr. Ivanov have a blue umbrella?
No, white. This is Mr. Nikitin’s umbrella.

     Exercise 1 
     Read the sentences and translate them into English
Do not forget about pronunciation of SHI, U and about the reduction.

  If one and
the same noun
is often repeated,
it can be
replaced by NO.

Two NOs
(ANATA NO NO)
are combined
into ANATA NO.

  • • Kore wa nan des ka.
    • Sore wa kuruma des.
    • Yamada isha no kuruma wa dore des ka.
    • Kore des.
    • Ano kuruma mo Yamada san no kuruma des ka.
    • Hai, ano kuruma mo Yamada san no des.
    • Tanaka san no kuruma wa kore des ka.
    • Hai, Tanaka san no kuruma wa dare no des ka.
    • Sono akai kuruma wa vatashi no des.

 
Paste
the frame's contents
by cursor for self-test.

    • What is this?
    • This is a car.
    • Which car is Dr. Yamada’s?
    • This one.
    • And is that car also Mr. Yamada’s?
    • Yes, that car is also Mr. Yamada’s.
    • Is this Mr. Tanaki’s car?
    • Yes, that is Mr. Tanaki’s car.
    • Whose is this red car?
    • This red car is mine.

 

Lesson 3 Copyright © 2000-2003 A.M. Wurdow (Syktyvkar)
http://www.komi.com/japanese 		Lesson 5